Describe the problems related with energy consumption and production.

Production and consumption of almost any type of energy have environmental impacts.

Harvesting of fuelwood, in particular, contributes to deforestation, soil erosion, and desertification.

In Nigeria, harvesting of fuelwood contributes to deforestation at a rate of about 400,000 hectares per year. Use of fuelwood as an energy source can also contribute to the accumulation of CO2, the main greenhouse gas, both because burning fuelwood produces CO2, and because deforestation destroys an important CO2 sink.

In addition, use of biomass in traditional stoves exposes the users, mainly women and children, to high levels of indoor air pollution. The environmental consequences of energy production and use also adds on to waste management.